Pop psychology has become an important part of social life, many guide us through life's ups and downs, and some full of "fallacy" is the wrong perception about human nature synthesizer. Psychological fallacy of us will be fooled, because most of the fallacies are with our intuition, hunches and experience to match.
Fallacy I: vent anger for health
People think that inhibition of anger to vent anger more than health. This view can be traced back to ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, he found that watching tragedy helps to vent their negative emotions show, off anger.
Mass media has convinced us that anger is the devil, must pass the "blow", "escape the hearts of anger" to heal. Some of the popular therapy to encourage people angry scream, hit a pillow or throw the ball to the wall.
However, over 40 years of research shows that anger actually increase aggressive. In one experiment, after the pounding nails offended by others who vent their anger, become more than people who do not even mean to hit a nail. American psychologists Craig Anderson and Brad Mann's study shows that the Bush: playing violent computer games increase social situations in everyday people aggressive.
American psychologist Jill Littrell that: only put forward constructive solutions or been intended to reduce communication frustration, vent anger to be valid. Therefore, if the partner has repeatedly ignored because of your feelings and unhappy, and red will not improve the situation of the other roaring, but calm and resolute to express their dissatisfaction usually calm their anger.
Why is this fallacy is so popular? Perhaps because of wrath that it makes people feel instantly "cool", but most of the time, their anger will subside.
Second fallacy: non-poor students individualized
The "learning styles" enter the search engine, you will find dozens of websites, claiming that measured out in minutes for you to learn. This is a widely accepted view of the premise: When teaching and learning methods to match, the students can learn best.
In most educational theory and practice, this view has been regarded as a model, many best-selling books and workshops are celebrating the big plus point. However, studies show that the way students learn is difficult to reliably distinguish, mainly because they are often in different contexts very different shows.
Since the 70s of the 20th century, most studies failed to show "matching" teaching method can improve the quality of teaching, in most cases, failed to improve student scores. Instead, students are not considered a common way of teaching such as high expectations for students, providing them with motivation and skills to achieve goals get better.
As for the "matching" teaching method encourages students to avoid weaknesses in teaching, in fact, be counterproductive. In the long run, students need to learn to make up for shortcomings, rather than to escape.
Three fallacies: a positive attitude to cure cancer
Famous American television and radio talk show, Dr. 西瓦妮古德曼 health experts in the "capture (prevention) of cancer and other diseases, 9 Steps," a book that her cancer was caused because of her negative attitude subconsciously hate to be a woman, since the discovery of their own mentality is harmful to health, she had transformed into state of mind can have a "radiant health" treatment. Large number of books have also expressed a similar view: a positive attitude can stop cancer cells spreading.
Most women who survived cancer patients seem to agree. However, there was insufficient evidence to support the "Optimism is the savior of cancer," this view. Most studies of cancer risks and not be able to be found between stress or emotional contact.
American journalist and social critic Barbara Ellen Rick in "Truth: a positive attitude to promote erosion of the United States, the vicious," a book that questioned the mentality of the therapeutic effect. She also severely blame the so-called "cancer culture", this culture is forcing cancer patients believe that a positive attitude can cure them, or to retain their dignity. In contrast, patients with breast cancer Ellen Rick urged to adopt a "prudent realism" approach, rather than their own happiness hidden in camouflage exterior.
Fallacy of four: the older the more sad
U.S. survey shows that 65% of the psychology student that "the majority of old people all alone." And 64% of medical students agreed that "severe depression are more common in the elderly."
Early childhood, people came into contact with the various unreliable by the media portray older people. A study of the Disney children's film The survey found that 42% of the older characters have not optimistic, forgetful, and head in the clouds and other features. So do not recruit people to be seen in the movie image in young people is also very common.
The more young people to the older people do not predict happiness, but the survey shows that more elderly people than young people happiness. For 28,000 Americans a study shows that 1 / 3 of the 88 year-old man claiming to be "very happy", and the most happy people are also the oldest, aged 10 years for each additional, increased sense of well-being of the people 5%; 25 to 45 people between the ages of the highest rates of depression, among the happiest men over the age of 65.
Cognitive ability does not decline significantly with age. A study on the creative achievements in some subjects, many people are in their 50s or older when creating their best work.
Five fallacy: the face of inevitable death through five stages
Many mental and physical health experts, have memorized the Swiss-born psychologist Elizabeth 库布勒罗斯 "death experience five stages" theory, that people died when the process of transformation must experience the following:
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
According to this theory, when informed that he would die, we will first tell ourselves it is not true (denial); when they realized that this is true, they will become angry (anger); sought in vain again postpone the next death approaches, such as still alive to tell their own unfulfilled aspirations to complete a (bargaining); and then realize that is a step by step, after dying, you will feel very sad (depressed); eventually understand that this is the inevitable outcome, calm, peacefully accept (accepted).
Although the theory 库布勒罗斯 very popular, but it lacks scientific basis. Studies show that many people are dying to skip one or more 库布勒罗斯 defined stage, even in reverse order.
库 布勒罗斯 the theory is to seize the hearts of all men, perhaps because people feel it can not control the events have the ability to predict. Terrible experience of death is attributed to a series of well-defined stages, and finally down to calmly accept.
This view is gratifying. But in fact, the process of each man's death does not follow the same path as the trajectory of each person living are different.
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